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Air Quality 101

Understanding PM2.5 and Its Impact on Health

Learn about the invisible threat of PM2.5 particles and how they affect your respiratory system.

Shakriya PandeyApril 15, 202510 min read

PM2.5 refers to airborne particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers—about 3% of the width of a human hair. Their tiny size allows them to travel deep into the lungs and sometimes enter the bloodstream.

Where PM2.5 comes from

Major sources include vehicle exhaust, industries, power plants, residential wood burning, forest fires, agricultural burning, and other combustion processes.

How it affects health

  • Aggravated asthma and airway irritation
  • Reduced lung function and difficulty breathing
  • Irregular heartbeat and cardiovascular stress
  • Higher risk for people with heart or lung disease

Who needs extra care

  • Children whose lungs are still developing
  • Older adults
  • People with existing heart or lung conditions
  • People exercising or working outdoors

Reduce your exposure

  • Check local air quality before outdoor activity
  • Use a HEPA air purifier indoors
  • Wear a well-fitted N95 or KN95 during polluted periods
  • Avoid exercise near heavy traffic
  • Keep windows closed during pollution peaks

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